Recursion Algorithms
Master the art of recursive thinking through interactive visualizations. Watch how functions call themselves to solve complex problems elegantly.
Understanding Recursion
Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve smaller instances of the same problem.
Base Case
The terminating condition that stops the recursion. Every recursive function must have at least one base case.
Recursive Call
The function calls itself with modified parameters, working towards the base case.
Call Stack
Each recursive call is added to the call stack and resolved in reverse order (LIFO - Last In, First Out).
Explore Recursive Algorithms
Start with simple examples and progress to complex problem-solving patterns
Factorial
Calculate factorial using recursive function calls to understand base cases and recursive patterns
O(n)O(n)Real-world use: Mathematical calculations, permutations, combinatorics
String Reversal
Reverse a string character by character using recursive approach
O(n)O(n)Real-world use: Text processing, palindrome checking, data transformation
Fibonacci Sequence
Compute Fibonacci numbers showing explosive naive recursion vs efficient memoization
O(2^n) / O(n)O(n)Real-world use: Dynamic programming, nature patterns, mathematical sequences, algorithm optimization
Tower of Hanoi
Solve the classic puzzle using elegant divide & conquer recursive strategy
O(2^n)O(n)Real-world use: Backup rotation systems, puzzle algorithms, recursive problem decomposition
N-Queens Problem
Place N queens on NxN chessboard using backtracking recursion
O(N!)O(N²)Real-world use: Constraint satisfaction, game AI, optimization problems
Maze Solver
Navigate through maze using backtracking to explore paths and handle dead ends
O(4^(m×n))O(m×n)Real-world use: Robotics navigation, GPS routing, game AI pathfinding, network routing